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Canadian Provinces and Territories and Their Capitals
Canada consists of ten provinces and three territories. Each province and territory has a capital city.
People of Canada
Population 32,805,041 (2005 estimate)
Population density 3.6 persons per sq km
9.3 persons per sq mi (2005 estimate)
Urban population distribution 80 percent (2003 estimate)
Rural population distribution 20 percent (2003 estimate)
Largest cities, with population Toronto, 2,481,494 (2001)
Montréal, 1,039,534 (2001)
Calgary, 878,866 (2001)
Official languages English, French
Chief religious affiliations Roman Catholic, 45.2 percent
United Church, 11.5 percent
Anglican, 8.1 percent
Life expectancy 80.1 years (2005 estimate)
Infant mortality rate 5 deaths per 1,000 live births (2005 estimate)
Literacy rate 96.6 percent (1995)
Geography of Canada
Area 9,984,670 sq km
3,855,103 sq mi
Coastline 202,080 km
125,567 mi
Highest point Mt. Logan
5,959 m/19,551 ft
Economy of Canada
Gross domestic product (GDP in U.S.$) $857 billion (2003)
GDP per capita (U.S.$) $27,080 (2003)
Monetary unit 1 Canadian dollar (C$), consisting of 100 cents
Number of workers 17,263,800 (2005)
Unemployment rate 7 percent (2005)
Health Care Expenditures in Canada
This chart shows the percentages of various types of health care in Canada that are paid for by public and private funding. Public insurance covers almost all basic health services such as hospital care and medical care by physicians. Public insurance also pays for a large majority of care in other institutions including nursing homes and psychiatric facilities, as well as medical care given in the patient's home. However, not all health services are paid for by public insurance. Services from dentists, optometrists, physical therapists, and other professionals are generally not covered and neither are most prescription and nonprescription drugs. These services are often covered instead by supplemental private insurance plans paid for by individual Canadians or their employers, or they are paid for directly by patients.
Canada Facts and Figures
BASIC FACTS
Official name Canada
Capital Ottawa
Area 9,984,670 sq km
3,855,103 sq mi
PEOPLE
Population 32,805,041 (2005 estimate)
Population growth
Population growth rate 0.90 percent (2005 estimate)
Projected population in 2025 38,164,606 (2005 estimate)
Projected population in 2050 41,429,579 (2005 estimate)
Population density 3.6 persons per sq km (2005 estimate)
9.3 persons per sq mi (2005 estimate)
Urban/rural distribution
Share urban 80 percent (2003 estimate)
Share rural 20 percent (2003 estimate)
Largest cities, with population
Toronto 2,481,494 (2001)
Montréal 1,039,534 (2001)
Calgary 878,866 (2001)
Edmonton 666,104 (2001)
Winnipeg 619,544 (2001)
Ethnic groups
British Isles origin 35.0 percent
French origin 25.0 percent
Other European origin 20.0 percent
Indigenous peoples (designated in the census as "Aboriginal" 3.0 percent
Other 17.0 percent
Languages
English (official), French (official), Chinese, Italian, Punjabi, Spanish, indigenous languages
Religious affiliations*
Roman Catholic 45.2 percent
United Church 11.5 percent
Anglican 8.1 percent
Other Protestant 7.9 percent
Other or nonreligious 27.3 percent
*Percentages based on census respondents claiming only one ethnic origin
HEALTH AND EDUCATION
Life expectancy
Total 80.1 years (2005 estimate)
Female 83.6 years (2005 estimate)
Male 76.7 years (2005 estimate)
Infant mortality rate 5 deaths per 1,000 live births (2005 estimate)
Population per physician 476 people (1999)
Population per hospital bed 244 people (1998)
Literacy rate
Total 96.6 percent (1995)
Female Not available
Male Not available
Education expenditure as a share of gross national product (GNP) 5.5 percent (2000-2001)
Number of years of compulsory schooling 11 years (2001-2002)
Number of students per teacher, primary school 17 students per teacher (2001-2002)
GOVERNMENT
Form of government Federal parliamentary democracy
Head of state Governor-general, representing the British monarch
Head of government Prime minister
Legislature Bicameral legislature
House of Commons: 308 members
Senate: 105 senators
Voting qualifications Universal at age 18
Constitution Amended British North America Act 1867; obtained the right to amend the constitution 17 April 1982
Highest court Supreme Court of Canada
Armed forces Canada's land force, maritime, air, communication, and headquarters northern area commands are integrated
Total number of military personnel 52,300 (2003)
Military expenditures as a share of gross domestic product (GDP) 1.2 percent (2003)
First-level political divisions Ten provinces and three territories
ECONOMY
Gross domestic product (GDP, in U.S.$) $857 billion (2003)
GDP per capita (U.S.$) $27,080 (2003)
GDP by economic sector
Agriculture, forestry, fishing 2.3 percent (2000)
Industry 33.8 percent (2000)
Services 63.8 percent (2000)
Employment
Number of workers 17,263,800 (2005)
Workforce share of economic sector
Agriculture, forestry, fishing 2 percent (2004 estimate)
Industry 23 percent (2001)
Services 74 percent (2001)
Unemployment rate 7 percent (2005)
National budget (U.S.$)
Total revenue $171,554 million (2003)
Total expenditure $157,801 million (2003)
Monetary unit
1 Canadian dollar (C$), consisting of 100 cents
Agriculture
Wheat, canola, vegetables, barley, maize, potatoes, fruits, tobacco, soybeans, livestock
Mining
Crude petroleum, natural gas, natural gas by-products, uranium, zinc, potash, nickel
Manufacturing
Transportation equipment, food products, paper and allied products, chemicals and chemical products, primary metals, refined petroleum and coal products, electrical and electronic products, fabricated metal products, wood products
Major exports
Automobiles, trucks, motor vehicle parts, mineral fuels, machinery, wood products, paper, electrical equipment, wood pulp, aluminum products, cereals
Major imports
Motor vehicle parts, automobiles, heavy machinery, communication equipment, computers, industrial machinery
Major trade partners for exports
United States, Japan, United Kingdom, China, and Germany
Major trade partners for imports
United States, Japan, China, Mexico, and United Kingdom
ENERGY, COMMUNICATIONS, AND TRANSPORTATION
Electricity production
Electricity from thermal sources 28.27 percent (2002 estimate)
Electricity from hydroelectric sources 57.48 percent (2002 estimate)
Electricity from nuclear sources 12.93 percent (2002 estimate)
Electricity from geothermal, solar, and wind sources 1.32 percent (2002 estimate)
Number of radios per 1,000 people 1,067 (1997)
Number of telephones per 1,000 people 629 (2003)
Number of televisions per 1,000 people 710 (1997 estimate)
Number of Internet hosts per 10,000 people 1,012 (2003)
Daily newspaper circulation per 1,000 people 159 (1996)
Number of motor vehicles per 1,000 people 582 (2002)
Paved road as a share of total roads 35 percent (1998)
SOURCES
Basic Facts and People sections
Area data are from the statistical bureaus of individual countries. Population, population growth rate, and population projections are from the United States Census Bureau, International Programs Center, International Data Base (IDB) (www.census.gov). Urban and rural population data are from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations (UN), FAOSTAT database (www.fao.org). Largest cities population data and political divisions data are from the statistical bureaus of individual countries. Ethnic divisions and religion data are largely from the latest Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) World Factbook and from various country censuses and reports. Language data are largely from the Ethnologue, Languages of the World, Summer Institute of Linguistics International (www.sil.org).
Health and Education section
Life expectancy and infant mortality data are from the United States Census Bureau, International Programs Center, International database (IDB) (www.census.gov). Population per physician and population per hospital bed data are from the World Health Organization (WHO) (www.who.int). Education data are from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) database (www.unesco.org).
Government section
Government, independence, legislature, constitution, highest court, and voting qualifications data are largely from various government Web sites, the latest Europa World Yearbook, and the latest Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) World Factbook. The armed forces data is from Military Balance.
Economy section
Gross domestic product (GDP), GDP per capita, GDP by economic sectors, employment, and national budget data are from the World Bank database (www.worldbank.org). Monetary unit, agriculture, mining, manufacturing, exports, imports, and major trade partner information is from the statistical bureaus of individual countries, latest Europa World Yearbook, and various United Nations and International Monetary Fund (IMF) publications.
Energy, Communication, and Transportation section
Electricity information is from the Energy Information Administration (EIA) database (www.eia.doe.gov). Radio, telephone, television, and newspaper information is from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) database (www.unesco.org). Internet hosts, motor vehicles, and road data are from the World Bank database (www.worldbank.org).
Note
Figures may not total 100 percent due to rounding.
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